| --- |
| configs: |
| - config_name: default |
| data_files: |
| - split: Dialect2SQL |
| path: Dialect2SQL.csv |
| - split: train |
| path: train.csv |
| - split: validation |
| path: validation.csv |
| - split: test |
| path: test.csv |
| task_categories: |
| - text-generation |
| - translation |
| language: |
| - en |
| - ar |
| tags: |
| - text-to-sql |
| - question-to-sql |
| - nlq-to-sql |
| - SQL |
| - english-to-sql |
| - low-resource-languages |
| - darija |
| - Arabic-dialect |
| size_categories: |
| - 1K<n<10K |
| --- |
| |
| # Dialect2SQL |
|
|
| ## Dataset Description |
|
|
| **Dialect2SQL** is a novel dataset designed for the **Text-to-SQL** task in **Arabic dialects**, with a particular focus on **Moroccan Darija**. |
| It provides natural language questions written in Darija, paired with corresponding SQL queries and database schemas. |
| The dataset enables research on **low-resource natural language interfaces to databases (NLIDB)** in non-standard Arabic varieties. |
|
|
| --- |
|
|
| ## Dataset Summary |
|
|
| Dialect2SQL aims to bridge the gap between Arabic dialects and structured query understanding. |
| The dataset consists of manually and semi-automatically curated **Darija–SQL** pairs mapped to realistic database schemas spanning multiple domains (e.g., education, e-commerce, banking, and transportation). |
| Each entry contains: |
| - a **Darija** question (`darija_question`) |
| - an optional **English translation** (`en_question`) |
| - the **SQL query** (`sql`) |
| - the **database schema** (`db_schema`) |
| - the **database name** (`db_id`) |
|
|
| --- |
|
|
| ## Supported Tasks and Leaderboards |
|
|
| ### Task: Text-to-SQL / NLQ-to-SQL |
|
|
| Given a natural language question written in **Darija (Moroccan Arabic)**, the goal is to generate the correct **SQL query** that retrieves the requested information. |
|
|
| **Example Task:** |
|
|
| | Field | Example | |
| |-------|----------| |
| | `darija_question` | شحال من تلميذ عندو أكثر من 15 ف الرياضيات؟ | |
| | `en_question` | How many students scored more than 15 in mathematics? | |
| | `sql` | SELECT COUNT(*) FROM Grades WHERE subject = 'Mathematics' AND grade > 15; | |
| | `db_schema` | CREATE TABLE Grades(student_id number, subject varchar, grade real); | |
| | `db_id` | School_DB | |
| |
| --- |
| |
| ## Languages |
| |
| - **Darija (Moroccan Arabic)** — primary source language |
| - **English** — provided for reference and cross-lingual studies |
| |
| --- |
| |
| ## Data Splits |
| |
| | Split | Size (approx.) | Description | |
| |-------|----------------|-------------| |
| | `train` | ~7,000 | Main training set | |
| | `validation` | ~1,000 | Development split | |
| | `test` | ~1,000 | Evaluation split | |
| | `Dialect2SQL` | full dataset | Combined dataset file | |
| |
| --- |
| |
| ## Dataset Structure |
| |
| Each row in the dataset includes: |
| |
| | Column | Description | |
| |---------|--------------| |
| | `db_id` | Database identifier | |
| | `db_schema` | SQL table definitions | |
| | `darija_question` | Question in Moroccan Darija | |
| | `en_question` | English translation (optional) | |
| | `sql` | Target SQL query | |
| |
| --- |
| |
| ## Use Cases |
| |
| - Fine-tuning **text-to-SQL models** for Arabic dialects |
| - Research on **multilingual and dialectal NLIDB systems** |
| - **Cross-lingual transfer learning** for SQL understanding |
| - Evaluating **low-resource adaptation** of code LLMs (e.g., Qwen, StarCoder, Codex) |
| |
| --- |
| |
| ## Limitations |
| |
| - The dataset currently focuses on **Moroccan Darija**, and performance may not generalize to other Arabic dialects. |
| - Some questions are written using **Arabic script**, while others mix **Latin characters** (Arabizi), reflecting real user input diversity. |
| - SQL coverage is limited to **single-domain, schema-bounded** tasks. |
| |
| --- |
| |
| ## Citation |
| |
| If you use this dataset, please cite the following paper: |
| |
| ```bibtex |
| @inproceedings{chafik2025dialect2sql, |
| title={Dialect2SQL: A Novel Text-to-SQL Dataset for Arabic Dialects with a Focus on Moroccan Darija}, |
| author={Chafik, Salmane and Ezzini, Saad and Berrada, Ismail}, |
| booktitle={Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on Arabic Corpus Linguistics (WACL-4)}, |
| pages={86--92}, |
| year={2025} |
| } |
| |
| @article{10.1145/3787497, |
| author = {Chafik, Salmane and Ezzini, Saad and Berrada, Ismail}, |
| title = {DarijaDB: Unlocking Text-to-SQL for Arabic Dialects}, |
| year = {2026}, |
| publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, |
| address = {New York, NY, USA}, |
| issn = {2375-4699}, |
| url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3787497}, |
| doi = {10.1145/3787497}, |
| journal = {ACM Trans. Asian Low-Resour. Lang. Inf. Process.}, |
| month = jan |
| } |
| |
